J. L. HUDSON, SEEDSMAN, BOX 337, LA HONDA, CALIFORNIA 94020-0337 USA
HELP STOP THE 'WHITE LIST'
The government is proposing new, sweeping and highly restrictive policies
regarding the importation, cultivation and movement of all living species,
allegedly to prevent 'invasive species'. In 1999 the National Invasive Species
Council (NISC) was formed. At the inaugural meeting of the NlSC, co-chair Bruce
Babbitt called for use of a 'white list', where exotic species are presumed
guilty until proven innocent. A list of approved, tested 'noninvasive' species
would be established, and importation, cultivation and movement of all species
not on the approved list would be prohibited.
This proposal will ban over 99% of the world's species of plants, animals and
micro-organisms. Anything not approved will have to be exterminated, so
major herbicide manufacturers are backing this proposal. Under this new system,
expensive safety testing will be required for all new plants before they are
approved for possession and propagation. Thus, only major corporations will be
able to afford to introduce new plants into cultivation. We already have
adequate weed prevention laws - it makes no sense to ban virtually the entire
plant kingdom "just in case". This is equivalent to the government
announcing that only 'pre-approved' books, magazine articles, etc. would be
allowed, and all new writings would have to pass through government censors
before publication. The world's biological diversity has been likened to a great
library and now government book-burners will be in charge.
The bad news is that the NISC's Management Plan, published October 2000, is
worse than we had imagined. It covers all species of life. Everything
from butterflies to fish to flowers to trees. Even native species are
called in invaders on government websites, and the NISC specifically states that
they intend to "apply similar principles... to species currently in the
trade." Clearly, not just new imports are at risk. Even botanic gardens
aren't exempt.
The good news is that our anti-white-list campaign is having an effect. Word in
Washington DC is that there is lots of dissatisfaction with the NISC and its
Management Plan. Due to public outcry against the 'white list', the NISC has
renamed the proposal 'comprehensive screening' or 'risk assessment', so 'that
they can now claim that they have no plans to implement a 'white list'. The NISC
has been spreading misinformation about their plans through a highly deceptive
letter which obscures the facts of the issue, and last summer a rumor was spread
claiming the white list was an 'internet hoax'. While the NISC claims they are
only concerned with "invaders", their management plan clearly states
that screening and management will apply to all species of living things.
Use the internet, post to garden groups, herbal groups. Don't let anyone tell you
this is a hoax, or that there is no white list proposal. Tell them to read the
government sites for themselves. Also write to local newspapers, and garden
writers, and talk to local nurseries, pet stores, aquarium stores, butterfly
groups, etc. Most importantly, write your congressman and send a
copy to the NISC. Don't just write the NISC, as they will ignore your objections
and send you a deceptive reply. Your representatives are the ones to write.
Let's keep up the pressure!
National Invasive Species Council
U. S. Department of the Interior
Office of the Secretary (OS/SIO/NISC)
1849 Charter Street NW
Washington, DC 20240
invasivespecies@ios.doi.gov
Good points to make in letters are: we already have
adequate weed laws; that 'invasiveness' is impossible to predict except for
well-known agricultural weeds; that in the absence of proven risk-assessment
procedures the implementation of any form of 'clean list' or 'comprehensive
screening' is completely inappropriate; any pre-screening of imports will
hamstring many areas of scientific research and place an expensive hurdle in
front of biodiversity conservation efforts; that it will increase our dependence
on foreign supplies of plant-based raw materials and decrease our
competitiveness in world markets; that in a time of 're-inventing government' it
is reckless and irresponsible to expand an antiquated, cumbersome and
inefficient bureaucracy at a time when we should be moving forward to a
streamlined and efficient future. More ideas for letters can be found at the
website.
Be sure to state that you oppose any form of 'white list', 'clean list',
'gray list', 'pre-screening' or 'risk assessment' procedures.
Remember, a physical letter in an envelope carries as much weight as 100 phone
calls or e-mails, so hit that print button and lick that stamp!
Check our links page to the No Whitelist website!
The White List is not a hoax.
Due to recent public outcry against the proposed new "white list" or
"clean list" regulations which will require that all species of plants
and animals will have to be tested for "invasiveness" and
"safety" before they are allowed to be imported, possessed, sold or
distributed, the government agencies involved have begun a deceptive campaign to
deflect criticism and blunt objections. Form letters from the USDA and the
National Invasive Species Council (NISC) claim that "there is no proposed
legislation before congress based on a white-list." All this means is that
the agencies involved have changed the name of the proposal—it is now being
called "risk assessment" and "comprehensive screening," and
that no legislation is currently before congress. Several of the agencies
involved claim that no new legislation will be required to implement a clean
list, that current regulatory powers already allow this. Anyone with any doubts
about the white list should read the government publication "Harmful
Non-Indigenous Species in the United States" by the U.S. Congress, Office
of Technology Assessment, and check the entries under "clean" and
"dirty" lists in the index. These detail the scope and intent of clean
list regulations, and the history of past attempts to impose them on the
American people.
Let the NISC and USDA speak for themselves:
"A key tool for prevention is risk analysis and screening system for
evaluating first-time intentional introductions of non-native species before
entry is allowed and for realistically applying similar principles, or other
management options, to species currently in trade."—NISC
(Note that this will necessitate a list of approved species—a "clean
list", and that "species currently in trade" covers plants that are
already here and being cultivated—they will be "tested" and
either approved or rejected and prohibited.)
"The Council will undertake development of a comprehensive screening
system for evaluating intentionally introduced non-native species. The
purpose of the system will be to assure, upon full implementation, that non-native
species which have not previously been imported will not be intentionally
introduced in the United States unless the risk of establishment and harm
has been evaluated and determined to be acceptable. The system should be fully
implemented by January 1, 2007."—NISC
The comprehensive screening system will be applied to "Introduction of
non-native propagative plants or seeds for any purpose (e.g. horticulture
or botanical gardens) within the continental United States."—NISC
(Note that even botanical gardens are not exempt.)
"These projects are intended... to promote acceptance by the private
sector of future entry requirements."—NISC (note that pre-screening
is just the beginning).
These quotes are directly from the NISC website, under the "National
Management Plan":
www.invasivespecies.gov/council/nisc/actionb.html
Also note, from a letter from the Deputy Secretary of Agriculture:
Invasive species which will be excluded are those which may cause "economic
or environmental harm or harm to human health." It would appear that
many medicinal plants used in indigenous herbalism could be excluded under the
assumption that they might "harm human health". Some white list
promoters have already proposed shutting down seed exchanges and banning
medicinal plants that they deem are unsafe (see Mack, R. N., and W. M.
Lonsdale. 2001. Humans as global plant dispersers: Getting more than we
bargained for. BioScience 51:95-102).
Lest this all sound too far-fetched, note that clean list laws are already in
place in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In South Africa, the list
of "invader species" includes many native South African trees
and shrubs, and laws are in place which may fine landowners for not destroying
them, and which prevent the issuance of building permits or the sale of the land
until the plants are destroyed. In Australia, it is called "plant profiling"
(an interesting term), and the introduction of a single new species, a sterile
cultivar of vetiver grass (used for erosion control and in perfumery, and
which has been grown around the world for centuries, and in all this time has never
been known to become weedy), required 7 years of testing and evaluation
before release was approved. In New Zealand, imports have been almost completely
shut down, as it costs NZ$30,000.00 to have a single importation
approved.